THE WHOLE HISTORY OF EGYPT
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Welcome to Countries Facts so Today in this Article I will show you the whole history of Egypt now let's go shall we there aren't many countries as ancient as Egypt it was here beside the waters of the world's longest river of the Nile that one of the first civilizations was born before this Riverside birth the ancient ancient peoples of Egypt are but dimly viewed through the thick sands of time Paleolithic shadows of rugged hunters assuming more definite shapes as the Neolithic era sees the people constructing simple settlements and practicing agriculture introduced perhaps from Mesopotamia various cultures arose along the banks of the Nile and eventually tried their hand at crafting things they were not very good at it yet but at least they were trying now the Nile flows from the south to the Mediterranean in the north the land here is higher up and the river flows down from here so this region is called Upper Egypt clicking this Lower Egypt and the several separate cultures that germinated along the river coalesced into two kingdoms upper and lower as the increasingly clever Egyptians developed one of the first systems of writing hieroglyphs now of course Kings wanted to rule both bits and the man credited with accomplishing this is Norma this pellet here shows him wearing the crown of both upper and lower egypt thus the first dynasty of Egypt was established five thousand years ago and a few centuries passed and things are rather quiet and then roll what is going on we're in the third dynasty the beginning of what's called Egypt's Old Kingdom its first epoch of greatness now where did this monumentality of architecture spring from two places first the absolute power of the monarch who in this case was King Joseph who controlled everything and could compel the construction of enormous buildings for his glory second this man here imported Josas Prime Minister the great architect inventor of the pyramid a man of such immense genius and ability that the Egyptians and later the Greeks worshipped him as a God before Imhotep Egyptian architecture was mediocre and nondescript after him it was the grandest in the world naturally over time the buildings grew more grandiose and culminate in the Great Pyramids of Giza the biggest of them is attributed to King Khufu finished around 2560 BC and represents in its enormity the bursting energy creativity wealth organization and zeal of Old Kingdom Egypt the precision of workmanship an amount of time and effort involved in building the pyramids is something seen elsewhere in Egyptian culture mummification of one body took months I think of the time involved to craft and paint the multiple coffins people were buried in which they assumed no one would ever see but how exactly were these triangular Titans assembled no one is certain the reason Egyptians carefully preserved the dead was because they believed only well-maintained bodies had a shot at afterlife admittance you also had to make sure that your heart was literally as light as a feather from goodness gray hybrid monster diamond would eat your tainted heart and you would be damned forever anyway the Old Kingdom collapsed amid natural disasters and civil war in Egypt entered a Dark Age of division and decrepitude until it was reunited by kingman - hoteth and the Middle Kingdom Europe again this was not so magnificent an era but it had its moments pyramids were still built but they were smaller and cheaper made of mud brick rather than stone this chapter of Egypt preferred obelisks and pylon gates and had its heyday under a minima - the third whose daughter Sabich neferu succeeded him her name meant the beauty of Sabich pretty insulting since the gods Sabich was a crocodile the Middle Kingdom crumbled after a band of Semitic speakers called the Hyksos invaded and took over but never managed to maintain control of Upper Egypt at its capital Thebes eventually the Egyptian succeeded in driving the Hyksos out without Moser the first as head of the new kingdom Egypt's most powerful epoch this was the age in which Kings were called Pharaoh it was also a time of unprecedented imperialism and expansion for the nation It was as if Egypt wished to make up for its humiliating defeat by defeating others that Shepard became the most famed of the few female pharaohs she loved having things built temples shrines obelisks and wasn't shy about having a picture taken or carved I should say here she is complete with false beard when her stepson thought Moza the third took the throne he proved to be the most militarily successful of all pharaohs a consummate man of action waging campaigns from Nubia in the south to Syria up north he made Egypt to the biggest it had ever been then along came the most unusual and intriguing of all pharaohs Akhenaten he was a radical a man who quite unaccountably decided to worship only one God Aten a minor son deity who was a sort of emanation of rah Akhenaten made art in the chief god and actively preached this new faith in a sort of monotheistic revolution that undoubtedly shook the whole priest class like a clap of thunder they were happy to see him go get his son Tutankhamun's reign signaled to the return to religious normalcy new kingdom Egypt's peak in power was achieved under ramses ii who seemed to enjoy only one thing more than war building statues of himself here are for Rameses is looking very proud indeed this shameless piece of propaganda shows the Pharaoh defeating an army by self he died in his 90s and Egypt never again attained to the power and might had possessed under him and while Ramses the third rescued Egypt from collapse in the end of Bronze Age see people invasion decline was slow and steady Libyan rule was followed by a nubian rule followed by Assyrian rule with Egyptians exhausting themselves to get back control each time only for the Persians to conquer them and then the Greeks under Alexander the Great who founded the city of Alexandria his general Ptolemy assumed control after he died establishing a dynasty that ruled for three centuries Alexandria became the Scholastic capital of the world a booming birth of braininess philosophers mathematicians poets and scientists called at home and studied in the great library as the famed lighthouse guided ships of scholars to the city the Greeks ruled like the Pharaohs of old which of course included regal squabbles and conflict which weakened the state despite the political romantic maneuverings of the last pharaoh the famous Cleopatra who killed herself via poison in 30 BC as the Romans swept in to take over the show Rome revamped Egypt's economy making it more efficient and it soon became the richest province and the Empire's breadbasket bastion of grain and production the 1st century saw the introduction and spread of Christianity and Egypt quickly became one of its major hotspots producing some of early christened UNS greatest theologians the church in Egypt is known as the Coptic Church Coptic being a form of the Egyptian language as Rome's split Egypt became part of the Byzantine Empire which after centuries of wasteful war with Persia was substantially weakened and ripe for the plucking and Egypt was indeed plucked by the invading Arabs in the 7th century bringing Islam and forcing a heavy text on the Christians these taxes saw several Coptic revolts against the Abbasid caliphs which forced military suppression the Shia Muslim Fatimid Caliphate conquered Egypt and founded the future capital Cairo in 969 they built al Hakim mosque & al-azhar university Sunni Islam returned with the a ubud dynasty around 1250 a powerful military slave caste called the Mamluks conquered Egypt by which time Islam had become the majority religion one of the greatest member LOC Sultan's was Beiber's a patron of learning who defeated the seventh Crusade as well as the Mongols the black death devastated Egypt leaving about a third of its population dead the Ottoman Turks conquered Egypt in 1517 but the Mamluks remained a powerful challenge to their authority and Egypt remained very autonomous French forces under holy invaded in 1798 and defeated the Turks and mem lakhs but the British under Lord Nelson arrived to help turn the tide and send the French packing Egypt was now battled over by Turk Mamluk and Albanian with a remarkable Ottoman Albanian called Muhammad Ali no not that one that's better gaining power in 1805 who crushed the Mamluks for good ali pasha undertook the task of modernizing egypt boosting the economy and establishing an improved bureaucracy and military the mid-1800s saw British influence increasing as they built a railway from Cairo to Alexandria and then the French organized the highly desirable Suez Canal making the Mediterranean to the Indian Ocean for trade meanwhile the Egyptians grew angry at the British presence and rebelled leading to Britain conquering the country in 1882 taking the canal as well after World War one nationalist Saud the Halal pushed for Egypt's Independence written exiled him Egypt revolted and achieved independence in 1922 salul becoming Prime Minister and fourth becoming King though Britain kept the canal Egyptian anger at this expanded after World War two when Britain was much weaker than it once was when Israel was declared a nation in 1948 Egypt and a coalition of other Arabic speaking States invaded but were not victorious in 1952 Gamal Abdel Nasser overthrew the monarchy and became president the following year he nationalized the Suez Canal making it Egypt and Britain France in Israel were pressured not to invade by the US and Soviet Union Nasser dreamed of a strong United Arab world that the region proved far too fragmented he promoted modernization and socialist ideals and suppressed the conservative Islamist organization the Muslim Brotherhood in 1967 Egypt began mobilizing its forces on the Israeli border Israel then took Egypt by surprise by attacking first rapidly and efficiently defeating Egypt's army and conquering the Sinai Peninsula Nasser died in 1970 and was followed by fun where he said death he led the Arab charge against Israel in the Yom Kippur War and while Egypt initially had success they faced stiff Israeli opposition and did not win however Egypt diplomatically regained Sinai in 1979 after Sadat made a peace treaty with Israel much to the outrage of the Arab world Sadat was assassinated by extremists in 1981 and was followed by President Hosni Mubarak Mubarak faced problems of appeasing the Arab world while maintaining friendship with Israel as well as addressing growing poverty and terrorism targeting Christians wrists and selected government officials which meant less people visiting because vacationers typically don't like being blown up naturally this hurt the economy the 2011 revolution rousted Mubarak and an Islamist linked to the Muslim Brotherhood came to power but the looming threat of totalitarianism prompted the military to topple him Abdel Fattah el-sisi the head of Egypt's army won the 2014 and 18 elections and Egypt today faces a number of difficulties but has attained a high level of human development and Africa's third largest economy but what sits ahead for Egypt comment below but for now bye-bye.
